Ya.you are right.

Let first discuss Pressure piping code ASME B31.3.There are three statements for designing of blind flanges. (Generally say piping components)

1-Para 303 of ASME B31.3 refer pressure temperature rating for using standardized piping components. I.e. no detailed calculation required. (Para 303 refer ...

Using customized blind flanges is cost effective approach.Most of construction sites use this approach to minimize the construction cost.

Please go through figures of ( Fig-UG34) these are customized flanges and can be fabricated from plates.Consider you are testing of equipments where rectangular ...

Customized blind flanges are acceptable as per code.But for design thickness of blind and pipe to cover/blind weld joint geometry should follow code requirments.As per B31.3 Para 304.5.2 customized blind flanges/covers should design as per UG-34 of ASME Section VIII, Div.1.

If end cap of equal ...

Great Effort by Petrostreet team.

Nabeel,

1-What kind of NDT required for above procedure.Is vessel needs to be hydrotested??
2-Is there any referance available for above kind of repair in international codes??

RGR

Thanks.

Some useful data is attached regarding understanding of Heat Exchnager Thermal Design.
HTRI is a powerful tool for thermal design of heat exchangers.

Thanks Asfaq.Please describe why hardness is controlled during PWHT. (e.g if someone say control hardness level 200 to 220 BHN then what is reason behind it??.How can we calculate hardness level limiting value??).

During designing of "Fire and Gas Protection system”, how we calculate the water spread which should be required for the effected area. What is the key requirements of deluge system?